elizabeth religious settlement bbc bitesize

[16] In February, the House of Commons passed a Reformation Bill that would restore royal supremacy, the Edwardine Ordinal, and a slightly revised 1552 prayer book. The Elizabethan period in England had a daily life based on social order: the monarch as the highest, the nobility as second rank, the gentry as third, merchants as fourth, and laborers as fifth.The queen was believed to be Gods representation here on Earth. For many Protestants, clerical vestments symbolised a continued belief in a priestly order separate from the congregation,[71] and could be interpreted by Catholics as affirmation of traditional doctrines. Most Catholics, however, were "church papists"Catholics who outwardly conformed to the established church while maintaining their Catholic faith in secret. Unit - Oak National Academy Key Stage 4, History, Elizabeth I: Meeting the challenge, 1558-1588 all lessons unavailable Unfortunately all lessons in Key Stage 4 History are now unavailable. In 1560, the bishops specified that the cope should be worn when administering the Lord's Supper and the surplice at all other times. "[14], Historians Patrick Collinson and Peter Lake argue that until 1630 the Church of England was shaped by a "Calvinist consensus". [51], Many parishes were slow to comply with the injunctions. Act of Uniformity. [74] Other leading Marian churchmen remained in England to serve as private chaplains to Catholic nobles and gentry. It seems we cant find what youre looking for. Elizabeth simply could not accept the notion that religious turmoil was seemingly the norm for England - though this had been so in the previous thirty years - and she pushed hard for a settlement that all would take on board. Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. Laud and his followers believed the Reformation had gone too far and launched a "'Beauty of Holiness' counter-revolution, wishing to restore what they saw as lost majesty in worship and lost dignity for the sacerdotal priesthood. During this time, priests said Mass in Latin wearing traditional Catholic vestments. [30] The revised Book of Common Prayer removed this denunciation of the Pope. changes had left England in a state of religious instability, which Elizabeth needed to fix. [118] Although Elizabeth I "cannot be credited with a prophetic latitudinarian policy which foresaw the rich diversity of Anglicanism", her preferences made it possible. The remaining bishops were all Catholics appointed during Mary's reign, and Elizabeth's advisers hoped they could be persuaded to continue serving. This Act made Elizabeth who was the daughter of King Henry and Anne Boleyn a legal heir to his throne. [106], The Church of England's dominant theology was still Calvinism, but a group of theologians associated with Bishop Lancelot Andrewes disagreed with many aspects of the Reformed tradition, especially its teaching on predestination. Many did so out of sympathy with traditional Catholic religion, while others waited to see if this religious settlement was permanent before taking expensive action. Most of their replacements were not consecrated until December 1559 or early 1560. After the Restoration in 1660, the Settlement was restored, and the Puritans were forced out of the Church of England. When Elizabeth I came to power in 1558 she was faced with a divided England. Englands trade with Turkey, Morocco and Persia (which continued intermittently throughout this period) transformed the domestic economy of Elizabethan England, from what people ate to what they wore and even what they said. https://www.buymeacoffee.com/historyteacherContact me on twitter @thehistteach or email me homeworkhelp@thehistoryteacher.net Students will look in detail at: The situation upon Elizabeth's accession . To remember this Act think of the word 'supreme' which can mean the top or superior. The services included certain prayers for the queen and the priests were instructed about what to say in the sermons. Elizabeth's accession to the throne in 1558 marked the beginning of Elizabethan England. It replaced the pope as the highest authority over the church of England. Elizabeth appointed twenty-seven new bishops in their place. This retained some Catholic traditions which Elizabeth hoped would make a good compromise and keep her people happy. When you have done this, use a revision guide/knowledge organiser/BBC Bitesize (Link 1) to check your answers and to help you fill in any gaps. The Church then forcibly accepted and agreed to the fact that Henry was now the Protector and Supreme Head on earth of the English Church till laws of God allows. [47] Other provisions of the Royal Injunctions were out of step with the Edwardian Reformation and displayed the Queen's conservative preferences. The term Supreme Head was avoided because Christ was seen as Head of the Church. She did not want to persecute them in the same way as her half sister Mary. Same period: some extreme Protestants were disappointed by the religious settlement because think that the religious changes are not extreme enough. , who objected to any compromise with Catholic ideas. "Of Common Prayer and Sacraments" taught that although only baptism and the Eucharist were sacraments instituted by Christ other rites such as ordination had a sacramental character. Her sister, Mary, had made, the official religion of the country, but many of the people were, This made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church, taking power away from the Catholic Pope in Rome. One aspect of this is Elizabeth's accession to the throne and her possible marriage. BBC BItesize: Elizabeth I revision PDF Sheet to print for the game Elizabeth I's Government Government notes Revision Government notes Revision Privy Council challenge Credit: These revision notes were not written by us. The Elizabethan era ushered in an age of discovery, with merchants trading with the East, and explorers such as Francis Drake and Walter Raleigh circumnavigating the globe and establishing colonies in North America, respectively. [30] It encountered more opposition in the Lords than the Supremacy Act, passing by only three votes. Created: Jul 18, 2017. [113] The suppression and marginalisation of Prayer Book Protestants during the 1640s and 1650s had made the prayer book "an undisputed identifier of an emerging Anglican self-consciousness. [7] Christ's Real Presence in the Eucharist was no longer explained by the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation; instead, the 1552 Book of Common Prayer promoted the Reformed teaching of Christ's spiritual presence. Explorers became famous and their work has had a lasting legacy. The Act of Supremacy of 1558 re-established the Church of England's independence from Rome, and Parliament conferred on Elizabeth the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England. This prayer book was to be used by every church under the rule of Elizabeth. Elizabeth offered a middle way compromise. Within the Church of England, a Calvinist consensus developed among leading churchmen. 202. https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/his/202. [117] The preface to the 1662 prayer book defined the Church of England as a via media "between the two extremes of too much stiffness in refusing and of too much easiness in admitting any variation". This bill would have returned the Church to its position at the death of Henry VIII rather than to that when Edward VI died. There were 4 important changes made by Elizabeth. The collected fine was to be donated to the poor and needy. [112], The Church of England was fundamentally changed. Then in May 1532, the English church gave up the power to make any law without the permission of the king in the Submission of the Clergy named document. [115] It was in the period after 1660 that Richard Hooker's thought became influential within the Church of England, as Anglicans tried to define themselves in ways distinct from Protestant dissenters. There was a strict prohibition of foreign leadership in the English church, so denying Elizabeths position in the Church was considered, There was broad support for the new Settlement and very few refused to take the oath of loyalty to the queen. [12] She also kept many of her religious views private, which can make it difficult to determine what she believed. Historians often depict it as the golden age in English history. Elizabethan religious settlement: the Timeline of key events. [57] Churches employed singers for special occasions,[58] which might be paid with money, wine, or ale and bread. Previously, we had to cut tooling board, then reprogram. Sign in, choose your GCSE subjects and see content that's tailored for you. [66], The settlement of 1559 had given Protestants control of the Church of England, but matters were different at the parish level, where Catholic priests and traditional laity held large majorities. England was divided between Protestants and Catholics. This means all the clergy had to take this oath or lose their office. [38], In his "Puritan Choir" thesis, historian J. E. Neale argues that Elizabeth wanted to pursue a conservative policy but was pushed in a radical direction by a Protestant faction in the House of Commons. The papal bull Regnans in Excelsis released Elizabeth's Catholic subjects from any obligation to obey her. ELIZABETH I TOPIC MAP (Knowledge Checklist) PDF Sheet to print for the game. She did, however, firmly believe that people should be allowed to practice the Catholic religion without fear so lo Revision Activities for Early Elizabethan England (1558-88) Key Topic 1: Queen, Government and Religion (1558-69) Elizabeth I - An Introduction. However, there were some actual religious practices that were very similar to the Catholic Church, including the celebration of the mass (also known as Holy Communion) and the priests wearing of, This made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church. As the older generation of recusant priests died out, Roman Catholicism collapsed among the lower classes in the north, west and in Wales. In 1559 she passed two laws: The Act of. [40], Another historian, Diarmaid MacCulloch, also finds Neale's thesis flawed. The introduction of this essay needs to clearly define the settlement as both the acts of Supremacy and Uniformity, and including the 39 Articles of Faith. When Elizabeth acceded to the throne, she followed her half-sister Mary who, in less than five years, had tried to turn the clock back to Roman Catholicism. At this point, the Privy Council introduced two new bills, one concerning royal supremacy and the other about a Protestant liturgy. Elizabethan England - KS3 early modern history teaching resources, shared by experienced teachers. [24], The lay peers joined the bishops in their opposition and succeeded in amending the bill considerably. It remained a private residence until 1923, when the Church of England acquired possession. The church was responsible to a great extent to ensure that the Act was being implemented. The established religion under Elizabeth was Protestant, so the English did not acknowledge the authority of the Pope in Rome: the English monarch was to be the overall leader of the Church of England, but not a spiritual authority. Later, she decided that roods should be restored in parish churches. [4] The doctrines of purgatory, prayer for the dead and the intercession of saints were also rejected during this time. Worksheet to organise the different educations for different classes / genders. What key changes to religion did the Religious Settlement introduce? [15] It was obvious to most that these were temporary measures. When Elizabeth inherited the throne, England was bitterly divided between Catholics and Protestants as a result of various religious changes initiated by Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. Henry VIII had broken from the Roman Catholic Church and the authority of the pope, becoming Supreme Head of the Church of England. [50] A year later, the Queen herself ordered the demolition of all lofts, but the rood beams were to remain on which the royal arms were to be displayed. They passed the first laws of the English Reformation which were then very important laws for the English parliament. Becon engineering works has saved us thousands of dollars and will continue to save us money. Elizabeths tolerant approach seemed to have worked on the whole, but it did not keep everyone happy and she faced numerous threats. BY DAVID ROSS, EDITOR. This aimed to placate both Catholics and Protestants by creating a middle group which. There were priests who conformed to the prayer book while also providing the Mass to their parishioners. Under pressure from the Privy Council, Whitgift was forced to accept conditional subscriptions from defiant ministers. [68][69][70] Efforts to introduce further religious reforms through Parliament or by means of Convocation were consistently blocked by the Queen. Bishops Watson of Lincoln and White of Winchester were imprisoned in the Tower. [28], The alternative title was less offensive to Catholic members of Parliament, but this was unlikely to have been the only reason for the alteration. The Ordinal and Prayer Book provisions were removed and the Mass left unchanged, with the exception of allowing communion under both kinds. Opposition came not only from Catholics, but also from more extreme Protestants, known as Puritans, who objected to any compromise with Catholic ideas. The Queen did not approve, disliking any attempt to undermine the concept of religious uniformity and her own religious settlement. [46], The Injunctions offered clarity on the matter of vestments. [86] In general, the bishops considered clerical dress adiaphora and tried to find compromise, but the Queen believed that the churchand herself as Supreme Governorhad authority to determine rites and ceremonies. Churchwarden accounts indicate that half of all parishes kept Catholic vestments and Mass equipment for at least a decade. The bishops, however, did not accept this and most of them had to step down. By Elizabeth's death, Roman Catholicism had become "the faith of a small sect", largely confined to gentry households. In the House of Lords, all the bishops voted against it, but they were joined by only one lay peer. [62] Although it was not legally required, it was traditional for virtually all Protestant churches and was also used at home. Once Whitgift had destroyed presbyterian activism, he was content to leave the Puritans alone. Preview. Since the Act of Uniformity 1549 which approved the first prayer book was passed in January, it is likely that the provisions of the 1549 prayer book were intended, even though Edward's second year ended several months before the book was published. [71], In the early years of Elizabeth's reign, most Catholics hoped the Protestant ascendancy would be temporary, as it had been prior to Mary's restoration of papal authority. This was particularly evident between 1565 and 1567 during the Vestments controversy over the refusal of some clergy to wear the clerical dress required by the Royal Injunctions. , disliking any attempt to undermine the concept of religious uniformity and her marriage... 46 ], the Privy Council, Whitgift was forced to accept conditional subscriptions from defiant ministers of instability! 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