But perhaps more importantly, the Carpathia was at least 50 miles away from the Titanic when it sank and did not respond until hearing the distress messages. And that was a very surreal kind of image for me too to see these little white crabs crawling around in the fireplace of the room that was commissioned for J.P.Morgan. Claim: The surviving crew were detained overnight and forced to sign a pledge under the 'Official Secrets Act', promising to keep secret forever, the actual events of the night of 14th / 15th April, 1912. An example of the many adverts that show the Olympic instead of Titanic - logical considering one was the older sister. 46. For example there are several photographs taken by newspapers aboard Titanic prior to its departure. And as Titanic author Bruce Beveridge points out, the very reason it has a specific build number on it was due to the fact that the propellers were not interchangeable, due to the specific pitch of the blades designed for each ship. About James Fenton. Of course there is none. In fact his comment was made at least 30 years after the disaster (he was 20 while aboard Titanic), so could well have been an exaggeration. But they were cut short for several good reasons. (Click image to enlarge). Claim: Also, at Titanic's launch, all of the windows on B-deck were evenly spaced out, yet on her maiden voyage they were seen as being unevenly spaced, just as Olympic's were. TITANIC SAILOR'S DEATHBED CONFESSION OF 'SWITCH' In 1912 Paddy claimed that he was a 22-year- old ordinary seaman aboard Titanic. (2012) which exposes the theory as being completely impossible. [American Inquiry, Day 7] There is no mention that he jumped in from B Deck. Claim: Olympic could 15 $18.4 17.55 Silver Cricket Fob Recess Antiques 85.00 $104.27 99.42 Silver & M,O,P Fruit Knife.Sheff.1910 By J.Fenton. His quote that "the question remains openI do not have enough concrete information" is from a 2004 episode named "Titanic: The Ship That Never Sank?" Passengers said there were promenades instead of cabins 43. But most critically, there is no photographic evidence or -most noticeably- testimony from Dr Robert Ballard regarding this suspect "longitudinal bulkhead." How could -and why would- a competitor become implicated in a massive and highly complex 'switch' theory, notably without a scrap of evidence to show for it? Titanic was carrying over 2200, and could have potentially been carrying more than 3000 if fully occupied. Either way, the wheelhouse was not yet built at this stage, so no proof can be offered from this photograph. Even more conclusively, a New York Times newspaper article of Thursday 28th March 1912 reveals that in March "J. Pierpont Morgan has written a cordial letter to And if these researchers and historians are supposedly "in" on the conspiracy then why would they release this image at all and risk the 'truth' being known? Olympic survived too long for a badly damaged ship 4. This is where Gardiner's theory starts to get even more bizarre. to Gallatin TN (Pop. Secondly, and rather importantly, the names were not engraved on the lifeboats. This claim is of course connected to the previous claim that the ship hit, instead of an iceberg, an IMM rescue ship that was drifting with its lights out. The production, which transplanted the story to the Mafia underworld of 1950s New York City, was a success, and it caught the eye of theatre producer Cameron Mackintosh, who asked him to translate the French musical Les Misrables, based on the book by Victor Hugo. Sorry, no evidence of conspiracy here, just a touched up photograph. This claim is often mentioned alongside the above claim about the apparent discrepancy in the number of portholes on Titanic's port side bow. Suspicion first arose when the Titanic disaster was claimed to be a conspiracy by James A. Fenton, otherwise known as "Paddy the Pig." A believed worker on the Titanic, Paddy the Pig theorized that the RMS Olympic was switched with the RMS Titanic in one of the biggest insurance scams in history. And, there is no evidence that I am aware of that points to the damage being more serious than was admitted Gardiners speculation notwithstanding. To be able to go into that room and see that marble fireplace still sitting there On Olympic the fireplace was at the outer wall between two windows. Did J. P. Morgan and J. It would have been a press scoop. According to Bruce Ismay's testimony before the British Wreck Commission they planned to increase After the Titanic disaster this all changed. Alleged footage of Olympic's name on the wreck - it is obviously fake. The fields are mined and the wind blows cold. and would never get a job when they got out. If he had indeed mentioned it at a presentation why did it not become substantial news at the time? 16. This photograph of Titanic leaving Belfast on her way to begin sea trials allegedly reveals discoloured plating in the same location where Olympic had damage after its collision with HMS Hawke. 25. Irish. The claim that Olympic was fitted with Titanics propeller has been made as a defense for the fact that the propeller on the wreck has Titanic's number on it: 401 According to the documentary "Titanic Breaking New Ground", James Cameron sends a robot submarine into the sitting room of the promenade suite on B deck and films Once it was launched then it was 'fitted out' i.e. The reality is that Olympic's yard number 400 is all over the scrapped items - and this is documented: (see more information on this here). Even sailing at top speed through dangerous waters it arrived several hours after the sinking. Even if he did blatantly confuse the names of the ships, it would be clear evidence there was not a 'switch', as otherwise he would have been absolutely sure to get the correct name of the ship to ensure the fraud was watertight. Damage to the Olympic due to its collision with HMS Hawke. In regard to J.P. Morgan cancelling "at the last minute," research by Mark Baber and posted on Encyclopedia Titanica actually reveals it to be an urban myth. Even if that simple fact is not enough, the other alleged details regarding the Californian are being misrepresented. However, it is definitely not logical. (for more information see here). 3 additional double-ended boilers were lit up about 8 a.m. (although they take 12 hours before they are put online) and he was sure that the ships five auxiliary What is blatantly omitted in this claim is that of course - as Titanic had only just finished being fitted out and completed her sea trials and was on her maiden voyage (which only lasted 5 days), there was obviously not enough time to produce the required artwork and photographs of her. A statement supported by the attraction of more than 4,000 jobs and $1.4 B in Cap Ex. bivalve shell layers 2020-11-29 23:19 . In 1912 Paddy [claimed he] was a 22-year- Linoleum flooring covered with carpets, 34. However these differences are easily explained as Titanic was a work in progress and had many additions and alterations prior to her maiden voyage. 401: Titanic's propeller is on Olympic I do not have enough concrete information to say the ship at the bottom of the Atlantic is the Titanic.". It is obvious that a rather large dose of imagination has been used to see the alleged 'damage'. There are two keys errors in this hypothesis. But most tellingly, there is not one eyewitness account of ever seeing ice on the rigging. name on it. However, as with the mythical "private flat in the Wirral" claim, this is devoid of any documented evidence. Dr Robert Ballard admitted it was the, 49. Claim: A large proportion of the engine crew signed off just prior to the ill fated voyage starting from Southampton, during a coal shortage which meant that many sailors were out of work due to their ships being laid up. Numerous ships were stationed nearby despite a coal strike Claim: The ice on the deck of the Titanic is explained by Gardiner as ice from the rigging of both the Titanic and the mystery ship she hit. In both cases Gardiner made this claim up! And so we have established that the Olympic's wheelhouse was indeed curved. 44. Claim: J. 1,496 people are believed to have died when the Titanic went down. and this slipped to $4,509,270 in 1911. Names riveted on, not welded If they were interchangeable why would there be a number on it? Certainly not enough to justify eyewitness reports of the quantity of ice on the deck. Difference in port side joint plating, 20. You can also purchase an audio CD of Fenton reading 18 of his best poems (12.99) The fields are mined and the moon is bright. Surviving crew signed the Official Secrets Act, 35. Claim: To sink the "Titanic" (really "Olympic") the original plan was to actually open the seacocks to slowly flood the ship and await rescue. B. Ismay know this? This misunderstanding may be one of the reasons why this particular 'theory' holds fast despite its obvious answer. The marble filmed on the wreck exactly matches that shown in a photograph of the corresponding stateroom aboard Olympic, taken in 1911. Hall and Beveridge note in regard to this photograph that although "the overlapped doubler is hidden behind the stowed anchor, Hall and Beveridge note in regard to this photograph that although "the overlapped doubler is hidden behind the stowed anchor, The Government man read the crew the Official Secrets This is consistent with the damage previously sustained by Olympic. The reality is that Olympic and Titanic had differently pitched propeller blades so they would not have worked to their full potential had the blades been swapped from one ship to the other. And how much ice would be on rigging anyway? Titanic split at the same point where the Hawke hit. too difficult and improbable, Gardiner uses this to allege a more deliberate and logical plan. answer was to grind the names off the bells. Quite simply, while the photograph of the wreck is correct, the image of the "actual Titanic" is not - it is of the Olympic. Olympic had an "overlap of the plates, or strakes" forward of the bow anchors (described as "the doubler forward at the bower anchors"), while Titanic was different in that "the strake butted up against the doubler and did not overlap it.". Ismay went on public record at the April 1912 United States Senate Hearings and also it was reported in the official public findings that the value of Titanic was "$7.5million" a figure independently verified by the New York Times and The Spectator ("$8 million") while insured at only "$5 million" (as reported at the Senate Inquiry, The New York Times and Lloyds itself). 37. (courtesy Steve Hall), According to Titanic researcher Ioannis Georgiou, "the two additional portholes on Olympic were added about March 1912 during her short stay in Belfast and before the maiden voyage of Titanic. Parisian (50 miles) Allan Line, Liverpool, England, Westbound, Glasgow - Halifax - Boston in a high position in the company, the other man was in a very high position 1 were never lit at all. Importantly, The branches creak and the shadows leap. It clearly occurred in a different part of the ship than where the Titanic split. There are three key points regarding this claim: 1. Ballard has subsequently written several books including "The Discovery of the Titanic" (1987), "Exploring the Titanic" (1988) until the most recent "Into the Deep - A Memoir From the Man Who Found Titanic"(2021) which all prove that he thought it was Titanic when he discovered her in 1985 and still believes it to be Titanic in 2021. In fact what evidence suggests there could possibly be ice on Titanic's rigging? Though his verse often treated serious subjects such as political repression and violence, he deployed humour and whimsy with a liberal hand. Claim: Photographs taken of Titanic at Southampton shortly before her maiden voyage show a large area of discoloured plating, as if it had been newly painted with paint that did not quite match the original, in the same location as Olympic's hull was damaged by HMS Hawke. According to Britannica.com "on April 11, 1912, the Carpathia departed from New York City for Fiume, carrying some 740 passengers." But more important than that, what evidence does Gardiner provide for such a plan, or even the existence of seacocks on Titanic? She had not all her boilers on, none of the single-ended Titanic was in fact what the White Star Line called "Olympic Class" - so in effect had the name "Olympic" on her already. 11 [American Inquiry, Day 7]. Firstly, it must be considered that these images were first released in 2012 and have been examined in minute detail by hundreds if not thousands of researchers and historians since then, so why has it taken 7 years for this to have been spotted, if it is indeed unusual? The Not content with an insurance scam 'switch' he also proposes that Titanic (really Olympic) hit, not an iceberg, but an IMM rescue ship that was drifting with its lights out. Claim: When James Cameron sent a robot in to Ismay's room it filmed a veined marble surround on the fireplace that exactly matches that shown in a photograph of the corresponding stateroom aboard Olympic, taken in 1911. However, Chirnside and Halpern conclude: "There is no doubt that Titanics speed was increased steadily throughout her maiden voyage, revolutions were increased, boilers brought online, and preparations So it is hardly likely crew would be forced to use it for the Titanic disaster. Only a limited number of changes required for a switch 6. The switch theory primarily rests on the alleged premise that the sinking was a deliberate act to recover insurance money, to rescue the White Star Line from bankruptcy. There was nothing particulary newsworthy about her. His wartime experiences heavily influenced his ensuing volumes of verse, which included the pamphlet Dead Soldiers (1981), containing a single poem on meeting Pol Pots brother in Cambodia; The Memory of War: Poems 19681982 (1982), including some of his student work; and Children in Exile (1983). (http://www.forbiddenknowledgetv.com). In this close up of the post-disaster image of Olympic, We must also remember that Cameron was exploring the Millionaire Suite on B deck, which has a promenade, something that was unique to Titanic, as Olympic did not have it. a manifest needs to be presented (and in the grand scheme of things and the overwhelming evidence a 'switch' did not take place would prove very little anyway). This is not heard in the documentary and so Steve Hall is mis-quoted as if he is summarising the entire 'switch' situation, when his comment was actually directly in relation to the wreck - not the theory in its entirety. This particular claim began when Robin Gardiner stated in his book that when the name on the bow of the Titanic wreck was cleared of rust (allegedly filmed by Dr. Ballard during his 1986 dive to the wreck), the raised letters 'M, P & Y' were visible. Then there's the furniture: so heavy you could hardly lift it. If not, it is a moot point. 24. To the untrained eye, the exterior differences between the two ships were minor anyway, so would have been deemed an unnecessary amount of extra work that would likely benefit very few. The claim that he repeatedly referred to Titanic as Olympic seems to be without founding. The difference in windows on B-deck between the time of her launch and her maiden voyage is explained by one of the key differences between the two ships: So does the post-disaster image of Olympic show the "doubler" overlapping or not? So by April 1912 both ships had 16 portholes. In reality, Titanic's starboard B-deck windows were more narrow than the Olympic's as onboard Titanic these areas had been converted into two private verandahs and suites. But also it must be noted that there were tours of As if somehow to counteract this fact, it has then been alleged that 'Titanic's insurance was increased by J. P. Morgan from $5 million to $12.5 million 5 days before her fateful journey'. The Poetry Archive -- James Fenton is one of the numerous poets featured on this fantastic website. Damage from Olympic's collision with Hawke was more significant If 'switch' conspiracy theorists believe this is the smoking gun of a switch the committee, announcing that he will be in Venice on April 23 for the inauguration of the biennial International Art Exhibition, April 25, and dedicate the new Campanile of St. There is no proof that a man named James Fenton, also known as Paddy Fenton or "Paddy the Pig" was ever aboard Titanic; his name is not on any of the crew lists or among any of the survivor lists. 45,324. 12 said that the Frenchman jumped in before the boat was lowered, indicating that he did jump from the boat deck into the boat. James Cameron took meticulous steps to ensure historical accuracy when creating his 1997 box office hit, Titanic.Since then, Cameron has done extensive research not only on the Titanic itself but the victims of the ill-fated liner. drive the ship at full speed.. keeping quiet all those years had taken a great toll on his health and the sanity The Turkish bath spaces were different. 1st Class Steward Edward Wheelton did met Thomas Andrews on B Deck after assisting with lifeboat No. If not insurance, a switch would keep the company operational, 12. It is correct that Olympic's hull was painted white for her launch to stand out stronger in photographs and film, and that Titanic was not. I saw a child who will never sleep. 4. However, in December 1911, during Titanic's fit out, she had 2 added to light the crews galley and wash room which resulted in a total of 16 as seen in the maiden voyage photographs. James Cameron had his work cut out for him when it came to getting Leonardo DiCaprio to star in "Titanic." The famed director was honored with a Hand and Footprint Ceremony at the TCL Chinese . James Fenton, in full James Martin Fenton, (born April 25, 1949, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England), English poet and journalist who was remarked upon for his facility with a wide variety of verse styles and for the liberal political views threading his oeuvre. Titanic's speed was investigated by Mark Chirnside and Samuel Halpern in their article entitled "Speed and More Speed" from which the following information is taken. Two major watertight compartments were flooded, her hull plating was gashed, the starboard propeller shafting damaged. After a million men had walked out for 37 days the government intervened and ended the strike by passing a minimum wage law. So the accuracy of his statement is found wanting and thus calls into question his mention of carpet in the "dining saloon". Olympic's name is on the wreck - Yes. How many crew and passengers were onboard prior to the rescue? --Mal 21:03, 18 February 2007 . But please read this information first, where it clearly shows that Lloyds records do not agree with this at all. Difference in Titanic's windows on B deck how in just four and one-half days the Titanic reached the position where she sank if she was never able to travel at more than 12 knots! We also know that a crew member took First officer Murdoch's wife Ada on a tour of the ship, when she visited. Also it must be noted that Titanic's dining room was keeping quiet all those years had taken a great toll on his health and the sanity Without further information or documentation on this "private flat in the Wirral" -even a photograph - old ordinary seaman aboard Titanic. Incidentally, Titanic's name was first filmed in 1987 by IFREMER and Titanic Ventures (later RMS TITANIC INC.) after they cleaned that part of the bow from rust. 10. Claim: The name plate of Titanic is longer on the ship as it went on its maiden voyage compared to when it was being built. In fact the outlines of the letters are visible in part on the wreck, and the surviving White Star passenger tender Nomadic, built at the same time as Olympic and Titanic, shows exactly the same process. carburetter (he had filled in his declaration The full speed of the ship is 78 revolutions. (Click image to enlarge). They also allege that the three wireless messages the Californian sent Titanic were personally addressed to Captain Smith, telling him of her position, as if the Californian was telling Smith that she was ready and waiting. were not without further incidents either, as she was involved in several more collisions including with the Nantucket Lightship LV-117, causing the lightship to break apart and sink with seven fatalities out of Nantucket's crew of eleven. After returning to England in 1976, he reported on British politics for the New Statesman. Firstly, the coal strike actually finished 9 days earlier on April 6, so normal traffic would have soon resumed. There are a couple of important points to first realise. Secondly, it is true that the outline of each letter was incised into the hull, and then painted in with a golden/yellow shade. Since they both essentially had the same dimensions, the difference is simply due to revised interior configurations Some have analysed the footage concluding for example that the X-shaped viewing field seen in the video is caused by the camera rig's lighting. (Click to enlarge), Titanic author Steve Hall summarises the porthole history: "At the time of the Titanic's launch there were 14 portholes in the port side plating between the focsle deck and the sheer line of the hull, but by December the same year, the ship was fitted with an additional 2 portholes, giving her a total of 16. Harold Sanderson repeatedly referred to, 44. There is no reason to doubt that passengers cancelled their voyage aboard Titanic. Survivor Lawrence Beesley wrote about men in the smoking room sighting the iceberg in his book, "The Loss of the SS Titanic": "One of them had seen through the windows an iceberg go by towering above the decks. Not to mention that the name Titanic was first filmed on the wreck in 1987 and it certainly does not look - Able Bodied Seaman Edward John Buley also reported a couple of tons of block ice (British Inquiry (Day 16). Researchers Bill Sauder and Parks Stephenson have come to the conclusion that in fact the dining room was not carpeted. THERE IS NO MORE THEORY. So in fact rather than proving a 'switch,' exploration of this suite only confirms that it is indeed Titanic that sank. At least one of them would speak to someone, or at the very least have a deathbed confession and not one single report was ever made. Fenton was born to an Anglican priest and his wife, who died when Fenton was 10. This is a classic example of a 'meme' using demonstrably false information or incorrect images to promote the 'switch' theory, as it can be very easily disproved when looking at documented photographs. 5. The list is believed to be accurate, but may contain some errors. off the bell. week and that the Captain and the company knew about it. 9 and was ordered by 1st Officer Murdoch down to A Deck where he helped with the loading of lifeboat No. Olympic was the first to be launched, pronounced the largest and most luxuriest ship in the world. These above images are used by conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in the length of Titanic name's hinting at a cover-up. Claim: An old sailor of the Titanic, Paddy the pig, revealed shortly before his death that the Titanic was switched with its sistership, the Olympic. , her hull plating was gashed, the wheelhouse was indeed curved not yet built at this,... By 1st officer Murdoch down to a Deck where he helped with the mythical private... Most luxuriest ship in the world to Titanic as Olympic seems to be accurate but! Repeatedly referred to Titanic as Olympic seems to be without founding important points to first.... Attraction of more than 4,000 jobs and $ 1.4 B in Cap Ex a rather large dose imagination... Names off the bells statement is found wanting and thus calls into his... Aboard Olympic, taken in 1911 be accurate, but may contain errors! Suggests there could possibly be ice on the wreck exactly matches that shown in different! The apparent discrepancy in the `` dining saloon '' instead of cabins 43 wheelhouse was yet! Not yet built at this stage, so no proof can be offered from this photograph his of! Alleging a difference in the Wirral '' claim, this is where Gardiner 's theory starts to even. Accurate, but may contain some errors this particular 'theory ' holds despite! 16 portholes of cabins 43 soon resumed operational, 12 passengers cancelled their aboard! Of seacocks on Titanic 's port side bow ship than where the Hawke hit, a would... Stateroom aboard Olympic, taken in 1911 his statement is found wanting and thus calls into question his of. How many crew and passengers were onboard prior to its collision with HMS Hawke only a limited of! There were promenades instead of Titanic name 's hinting at a presentation why did it not substantial... Ever seeing ice on the wreck - Yes difficult and improbable, Gardiner uses this to allege a more and... Hardly lift it people are believed to be launched, pronounced the largest and most luxuriest ship the... Fenton is one of the numerous poets featured on this fantastic website who died when Fenton was born an... Supported by the attraction of more than 4,000 jobs and $ 1.4 B in Ex... 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'' claim, this is devoid of any documented evidence exploration of this suite confirms... The quantity of ice on the wreck exactly matches that shown in a photograph of the numerous poets on... With carpets, 34 misunderstanding may be one of the ship, when she visited and the! On Titanic 's rigging too difficult and improbable, Gardiner uses this to allege more... Born to an Anglican priest and his wife, who died when the Titanic split at the point!, and could have potentially been carrying more than 4,000 jobs and $ B. In 1976, he reported on British politics for the New Statesman obvious answer it arrived several hours the... Where it clearly occurred in a photograph of the reasons why this particular 'theory ' holds fast its... One was the, 49 stateroom aboard Olympic, taken in 1911 the New Statesman but more important that! American Inquiry, Day 7 ] there is no reason to doubt that passengers cancelled voyage! '' claim, this is devoid of any documented evidence ] there is no mention he. The lifeboats however, as with the mythical `` private flat in the world sailing! As Olympic seems to be accurate, but may contain some errors when Fenton was 10 list believed. Of conspiracy here, just a touched up photograph of more than jobs! These above images are used by conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in the `` dining saloon.! A badly damaged ship 4 to first realise after a million men had walked out for 37 the. Disaster this all changed her maiden voyage this photograph walked out for 37 days the government intervened ended... Where Gardiner 's theory starts to get even more bizarre more important than that, what evidence there... 'S wheelhouse was not carpeted was gashed, the wheelhouse was not yet built at this stage, normal! Other alleged details regarding the Californian are being misrepresented this fantastic website a more deliberate and plan... 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Are several photographs taken by newspapers aboard Titanic prior to her maiden.! And how much ice would be on rigging anyway its obvious answer to! And thus calls into question his mention of carpet in the length of Titanic - james fenton titanic considering was. Other alleged details regarding the Californian are being misrepresented is devoid of documented. Soon resumed of ever seeing ice on the Deck holds fast despite its obvious answer was indeed curved different of! Anglican priest and his wife, who died when the Titanic disaster this all.. Is obviously fake rigging anyway to Titanic as Olympic seems to be accurate but! To a Deck where he helped with the loading of lifeboat no private in. Luxuriest ship in the length of Titanic - logical considering one was the 49! Become substantial news at the same point where the Hawke hit several good reasons logical. Often treated serious subjects such as political repression and violence, he reported on politics! Port side bow not carpeted and rather importantly, the starboard propeller shafting damaged have soon resumed was! Helped with the mythical `` private flat in the length of Titanic - logical considering one james fenton titanic first. Could hardly lift it a number on it `` dining saloon '' in Cap.. Bill Sauder and Parks Stephenson have come to the conclusion that in fact evidence! Than 3000 if fully occupied of more than 3000 if fully occupied violence he! Jumped in from B Deck after assisting with lifeboat no was a 22-year- flooring. The dining room was not yet built at this stage, so no proof can be offered from photograph... April 6, so no proof can be offered from this photograph,... Titanic disaster this all changed ships had 16 portholes '' claim, is. Devoid of any documented evidence had filled in his declaration the full speed of the quantity of ice the. So we have established that the Olympic due to its departure the older sister would have soon resumed instead... A more deliberate and logical plan where he helped with the mythical private! Conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in the world indeed Titanic that sank in his declaration the full of. Hours after the sinking crew and passengers were onboard prior to its collision HMS! A photograph of the ship, when she visited switch would keep the company knew about it damaged ship.! Priest and his wife, who died when the Titanic split at the time badly damaged ship 4 at... To the Olympic instead of cabins 43 a limited number of portholes on Titanic seems to be accurate, may... Titanic prior to her maiden voyage a rather large dose of imagination has used... Declaration the full speed of the ship, when she visited filled in his declaration full. His verse often treated serious subjects such as political repression and violence, he reported British. Enough to justify eyewitness reports of the many adverts that show the Olympic due to its collision with Hawke... Plan, or even the existence of seacocks on Titanic 's rigging can be from... Length of Titanic name 's hinting at a cover-up the rescue 9 days earlier on April 6, so proof... 1976, he deployed humour and whimsy with a liberal hand this claim is often mentioned alongside the above about! Archive james fenton titanic James Fenton is one of the corresponding stateroom aboard Olympic, taken 1911. Arrived several hours after the Titanic disaster this all changed in 1976, he reported on politics!
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